GI-Targeted Bitter Hop Extract Curbs Hunger, Food Cravings

TOPLINE:

A gastrointestinal (GI)-targeted bitter hop extract reduced hunger and food cravings, as well as post-fast ad libitum energy intake, among women undergoing a 24-hour, water-only fast in a small, randomized crossover trial.

METHODOLOGY:

• Researchers conducted a randomized, double-blind, crossover study with 30 normal-weight women ages 18-40 with BMIs of 18.5-25. The trial design was similar to that used previously to test the intervention among men.
• Participants engaged in a water-only fast for 24 hours (6 PM to 6 PM) on three occasions and were given an ad libitum meal to break each fast.
• Participants were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: placebo, a high-dose (500 mg) bitter hop–based appetite suppressant (Amarasate), or a low dose (250 mg) of the appetite suppressant.
• Treatment capsules of half the total dose were given twice daily (16 hours and 20 hours into the fast).
• Participants recorded their subjective feelings about appetite and food cravings using a visual analog scale at 30-minute intervals starting 16 hours into the fast.

TAKEAWAY:

• Both the high-dose and low-dose treatment groups experienced a significant reduction in appetite (ie, hunger, fullness, satisfaction, thoughts of food) and food cravings compared with the placebo group.
• Energy intake at the ad libitum meal was 14.3% lower in the high-dose group than the placebo group (P <.05 but="" difference="" group="" in="" it="" low-dose="" lower="" not="" significant.="" statistically="" the="" was="">
• In the high-dose group, two participants reported loose stools and one reported heartburn. In the low-dose group, one participant reported loose stools.

IN PRACTICE:

“These data suggest that appetite suppressant co-therapy may be useful in reducing hunger during fasting in women and show that gastrointestinal delivery of bitter compounds may also be an effective method of reducing cravings for food,” the authors wrote.

SOURCE:

The study, led by Edward Walker, PhD, of the New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand, was published online in Obesity Pillars.

LIMITATIONS:

The study has limitations that affect its application for weight management. First, the study included only normal-weight individuals, which limits extension of the results for weight loss treatments. Second, it involved acute fasting and does not assess any accommodation to the intervention that may occur over longer-term use. An additional limitation is the small number of participants.

DISCLOSURES:

The research was funded by Calocurb Limited. The article processing charge was funded by the New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, a New Zealand government–owned Crown Research Institute. The authors declare no competing financial interests. The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited has licensed a hop extract as a dietary supplement to Calocurb to commercialize and currently holds a minor shareholding in this company.